How to remember all the names of the layers? Easy. All the details and inner workings of all the other layers are hidden from the end user. In the OSI model, layers are organized from the most tangible and most physical, to less tangible and less physical but closer to the end user.Įach layer abstracts lower level functionality away until by the time you get to the highest layer. Here there are no dragons.Ī layer is a way of categorizing and grouping functionality and behavior on and of a network. The OSI model consists of 7 layers of networking. Here are some common network topology types: Source + learn more about network topologies hereĪ network consists of nodes, links between nodes, and protocols that govern data transmission between nodes.Īt whatever scale and complexity networks get to, you will understand what’s happening in all computer networks by learning the OSI model and 7 layers of networking. Topology describes how nodes and links fit together in a network configuration, often depicted in a diagram. Think I’m just randomly rhyming things with the word can? I can’t say I am - these are all real network types. Network types include LAN, HAN, CAN, MAN, WAN, BAN, or VPN. NetworksĪ network is a general term for a group of computers, printers, or any other device that wants to share data. While anyone can create a protocol, the most widely adopted protocols are often based on standards published by Internet organizations such as the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF). Protocols can be created by anyone, but the most widely adopted protocols are based on standards.” - The Illustrated Network.īoth wired and cable-free links can have protocols. Protocols can be implemented on hardware, software, or a combination of both. “A protocol defines the rules governing the syntax (what can be communicated), semantics (how it can be communicated), and synchronization (when and at what speed it can be communicated) of the communications procedure. ProtocolĪ protocol is a mutually agreed upon set of rules that allows two nodes on a network to exchange data. When we’re talking about information being transmitted, this may also be described as a one-to-one vs. Links to can either be point-to-point, where Node A is connected to Node B, or multipoint, where Node A is connected to Node B and Node C. Links can be wired, like Ethernet, or cable-free, like WiFi. Please Tweet angrily at me if you disagree. All hosts are nodes, but not all nodes are hosts. I will define a host as a type of node that requires an IP address. router.įor the nitpicky among us (yep, I see you), host is another term that you will encounter in networking. Typically, routers connect networks to the Internet and switches operate within a network to facilitate intra-network communication. Nodes may be set up adjacent to one other, wherein Node A can connect directly to Node B, or there may be an intermediate node, like a switch or a router, set up between Node A and Node B. If set up properly, a node is capable of sending and/or receiving information over a network. NodesĪ node is a physical electronic device hooked up to a network, for example a computer, printer, router, and so on. I’ll use these terms when I talk about OSI layers next. Here are some common networking terms that you should be familiar with to get the most out of this article. The difference between TCP/IP model and the OSI model.The problems that can happen at each of the 7 layers.Over the course of this article, you will learn: Basic familiarity with common networking terms (explained below).You don’t need any prior programming or networking experience to understand this article. Once you learn the OSI model, you will be able to further understand and appreciate this glorious entity we call the Internet, as well as be able to troubleshoot networking issues with greater fluency and ease. It is a tool for understanding how networks function. Therefore, it’s important to really understand that the OSI model is not a set of rules. Learning networking is a bit like learning a language - there are lots of standards and then some exceptions. In plain English, the OSI model helped standardize the way computer systems send information to each other. The OSI model is a conceptual framework that is used to describe how a network functions. This article explains the Open Systems Interconnection (OSI) model and the 7 layers of networking, in plain English.
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